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synonyms: OA, osteoarthritis, DJD, degenerative joint disease
Osteoarthritis ICD-10
Osteoarthritis Etiology / Epidemiology / Natural History
- Age related damage to articular cartilage and associated bony remodeling.
- Risk Factors/etiology: age, female sex, prior joint injury/trauma, family history/genetic predisposition, obesity, repetitive use, muscle weakness, and joint laxity
- Prostaglandin E2 has been demonstrated in OA cartilage demonstrating that inflammation is envolved in OA.
Osteoarthritis Anatomy
- Most commonly affects: hands, feet, knees, hips, spine.
Osteoarthritis Clinical Evaluation
- Activity related joint pain;
- Joint stiffness related to inactivity.
Osteoarthritis Xray / Diagnositc Tests
- Four primary Xrays findings of osteoarthritis:
1-loss of joint space
2-subchondral sclerosis
3-osteophyte formation
4-subchondral cysts
Osteoarthritis Classification / Treatment
- Activity modification
- Exercise: low-impact excercise including isokinetic and isotonic strengthening improves symptoms, function and cartilge glycosaminoglycan content. (Roddy E, Rheumatology 2005;44:67).
- Cane/walker (Blount WP, JBJS 1956;38A:695).
- Acetaminophen / NSAIDs
- Glucosamine sulfate / Chondroitin Sulfate:Glucosamine 1500mg daily, Chondroitin 800md daily.
- ASU (Avocado/Soybean) generally used as an addition to glucosamine/chondroitin: ASU 300mg daily.
- Green Tea extract
- Corticosteriod injections
- Viscosupplementation (Hyaluronic acid injections): Can provide up to 6 months of improvement. (Arrich J CMAJ 2005;172:1039). Side effects: injection site pain, pseudoseptic reaction, infection.
- Weight loss: reduces risk of OA progression and improves symptoms and function (Messier SP, Arthritis Rheum 2004;50:1501).
- Surgical Options: THA, TSA, TEA, TKA, etc
Osteoarthritis Associated Injuries / Differential Diagnosis
- Osteoarthritis
- Fibromyalgia
- Psoriatic Arthritis
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteoarthritis Complications
Osteoarthritis Follow-up Care
Osteoarthritis Review References
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