| Muscle |
Innervation |
Origin |
Insertion |
Action |
Nerve Root |
| Superficial Flexors |
|
|
|
|
|
| Pronator teres(PT) |
median |
Med. Epicondyle and coronoid |
Mid. Lat. Radius |
Pronate, flex, forearm |
C6,7 med/lat cords |
| Flexor carpi radialis(FCR) |
median |
Med. Epicondyle and coronoid |
2nd and 3rd Metacarpal bases |
Flex wrist |
C6,7,8 med/lat cords |
| Palmaris Longus(PL) |
median |
Med. Epicondyle |
Palmar aponeurosis |
Flex wrist |
C7,8,T1 med/lat cords |
| Flexor carpi ulnaris(FCU) |
Ulnar |
Med. Epicondlye and post. Ulna |
Pisiform |
Flex wrist |
|
| Flexor digitorum superficialis(FDS) |
Median |
Med. Epicondyle and ant. Radius |
base of middle phalanges |
Flex PIP |
C7,8,T1 med/lat cords |
| Deep flexors |
|
|
|
|
|
| Flexor digitorum profundus(FDP) |
medain-ant. interoseous and ulnar |
Ant. and Med. ulna |
Base of distal phalanges |
Flex DIP |
|
| Flexor pollicis longus |
Median-ant. interosseous |
Ant. and lat. radius |
base of distal phalanxy |
Flex IP, thumb |
|
| Pronator quadratus |
Medain-ant. interosseous |
Distal ulna |
volar radius |
Pronate, hand |
|
| Superficial Extensors |
|
|
|
|
|
| Brachioradialis |
Radial |
Lat.supracondylar humerus |
Lat. distal radius |
Flex forearm |
|
| Ext. carpi radialis longus (ECRL) |
Radial |
Lat. supracondylar humerus |
2nd Metacarpal base |
Extend wrist |
|
| Ext. carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) |
Radial |
Lat. epicondyle of humerus |
3rd Metacarpal Base |
Extend wrist |
|
| Anconeus |
Radial |
Lat. epicondyle of humerus |
Prox. dorsal ulna |
Extend forearm |
|
| Extensor digitorum |
Radial-post. interosseous |
Lat.epicondyle of humerus |
Extensor aponeurosis |
Extends digits |
|
| Extensor digiti minimi |
Radial-post. interosseous |
Common extensor tendon |
Small finger extensor carpi ulnaris |
Extend small finger |
|
| Ext. Carpi ulnaris (ECU) |
Radial-post. interosseous |
Lat. epicondyle of humerus |
5th metacapal base |
Extend/adduct hand |
|
| Deep Extensors |
|
|
|
|
|
| Supinator |
Radial-post. interosseous |
Lat. epicondyle of humerus, ulna |
Dorsoloateral radius |
Supinate forearm |
|
| Abductor pollicis longus(APL) |
Radial-post. interosseous |
Dorsal ulna/radius |
1st Metacarpal base |
abduct thumb,extend |
|
| Extensor Pollicis Brevis (EPB) |
Radial-post. interosseous |
dorsal radius |
thumb prox phalangeal base |
extend thumb MCP |
C6,7,8 post cord |
| Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL) |
Radial-post. interosseous |
dorsolateral ulna |
thumb dorsal phalanx base |
extend thumb IP |
C6,7,8 post cord |
| Extensor Indicis Proprius (EIP) |
Radial-post. interosseous |
dorsolateral ulna |
index finger extensor apparatus |
extend index finger |
C6,7,8 post cord |
